The History of the Hotel – From Antiquity to the Modern Era

Part 2: The Middle Ages & Early Modern Period – From Monastery to Inn 

With the collapse of the Roman Empire and the onset of the Middle Ages, travel underwent 

a fundamental transformation. The once well-maintained road networks fell into disrepair, and safety along the routes declined. Nevertheless, travel never came to a complete halt. Pilgrims, merchants, and envoys continued to move across Europe – and they needed accommodation. 

During this time, monasteries primarily took on the role of hostels. Pilgrims on their way to 

sacred sites were received and cared for. Hospitality was considered a Christian duty, which is why many monasteries offered simple sleeping quarters. These accommodations 

were spartan but safe and provided a sheltered space for at least one night. 

With the growth of trade in the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period, a new form of lodging emerged: the inn. These establishments developed along trade routes and in emerging towns. They were privately operated and offered food, drink, and simple rooms – often with several beds in one room. The inn became a hub for social interaction, business dealings, and the exchange of news. 

Urban lodging also became more common. Especially in Italy, France, and Germany, early accommodation businesses emerged that provided comfort in exchange for 

payment. As cities grew, these inns became increasingly professional in their operation. They formed the backbone of what we now understand as the hotel industry. 

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